INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS & TECHNOLOGY
https://www.rajpub.com/index.php/ijct
KHALSA PUBLICATIONSen-USINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS & TECHNOLOGY2277-3061Convolutional Neural Networks for Deep Sleep Detection Based on Data Augmentation
https://www.rajpub.com/index.php/ijct/article/view/9567
<p>Sleep is a necessary process that individuals undergo daily for physical recovery, and the proportion of deep sleep in the sleep stages is a critical aspect of the recovery process. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have shown remarkable success in automatically identifying deep sleep stages through the analysis of electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. This article introduces three data augmentation techniques, including time shifting, amplitude scaling and noise addition, to enhance the diversity and features of the data. These techniques aim to enable machine learning models to extract features from various aspects of sleep EEG data, thus improving the model’s accuracy. Three deep learning models are introduced, namely DeepConvNet, ShallowConvNet and EEGNet, for the identification of deep sleep. To evaluate the proposed methods, the Sleep-EDF public dataset was utilized. Experimental results demonstrate that the enhanced dataset formed by applying the three data augmentation techniques achieved higher accuracy in all deep learning models compared to the original dataset. This highlights the feasibility and effectiveness of these methods in deep sleep detection.</p>Ruixuan ChenLinfeng SuiMo XiaJinsha LiuTao ZhangJianting Cao
Copyright (c) 2024 Ruixuan Chen, Linfeng Sui, Mo Xia, Jinsha Liu, Tao Zhang, Jianting Cao
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
2024-01-282024-01-282411310.24297/ijct.v24i.9567On Defining Smart Cities using Transformer Neural Networks
https://www.rajpub.com/index.php/ijct/article/view/9579
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Cities worldwide are rapidly adopting “smart” technologies, transforming urban life. Despite this trend, a universally accepted definition of “smart city” remains elusive. Past efforts to define it haven’t yielded a consensus, as evidenced by the numerous definitions in use. In this paper, we endeavored to create a new “compromise” definition that should resonate with most experts previously involved in defining this concept and aimed to validate one of the existing definitions. We reviewed 60 definitions of smart cities from industry, academia, and various relevant organizations, employing transformer architecture-based generative AI and semantic text analysis to reach this compromise. We proposed a semantic similarity measure as an evaluation technique, which could generally be used to compare different smart city definitions, assessing their uniqueness or resemblance. Our methodology employed generative AI to analyze various existing definitions of smart cities, generating a list of potential new composite definitions. Each of these new definitions was then tested against the pre-existing individual definitions we’ve gathered, using cosine similarity as our metric. This process identified smart city definitions with the highest average cosine similarity, semantically positioning them as the closest on average to all the 60 individual definitions selected.</span></p>Andrei Khurshudov
Copyright (c) 2024 Andrei Khurshudov
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
2024-01-282024-01-2824142910.24297/ijct.v24i.9579